In the industrial world, lifting a load is never just a simple movement. Behind every lifting operation lies knowledge, calculation, control, and safety. It’s not just about having a crane or a sling—it’s about understanding what type of lift you’re performing, because that determines the method, the equipment, and the level of safety required.

So today, we’ll answer one of the most essential questions for riggers, operators, and supervisors: what are the types of lifting operations and how do they differ?

What Is a Lifting Operation?

A lifting operation is the process of raising, moving, or positioning a suspended load using mechanical devices such as cranes, hoists, or pulley systems.

Its main goal is to handle materials in a safe and controlled manner, minimizing the risk of accidents or structural damage.

Every safe lifting operation relies on three essential pillars:

1. Lifting equipment and accessories (slings, shackles, hooks, etc.)

2. Qualified personnel (rigger, operator, signaler, supervisor)

3. Safe procedures and technical planning in advance

Types of Lifting Operations by Complexity

1. Simple Lift

A simple lift is performed using only one piece of lifting equipment (for example, a single crane or hoist) and does not require coordination with other machines.
It’s the most common type of lift in construction sites, warehouses, and industrial maintenance.

Example: lifting a 1-ton generator with a chain hoist.

Safety tips:

• Inspect all lifting accessories before use.

• Keep the load stable and vertical.

• Clear the area of non-essential personnel.

2. Multiple Lift

A multiple lift involves two or more lifting devices working together to raise the same load simultaneously.
It’s a complex operation that requires precise planning and constant communication between operators and the signal person.

Example: lifting a long metal structure using two cranes.

Safety tips:

• Calculate the load distribution between each machine.

• Use slings of equal length and rated capacity.

• Assign one signaler to coordinate the entire maneuver.

3. Critical Lift

A critical lift is one that involves a higher level of risk due to the load weight, working environment, or the value of the lifted item.
A lift is generally classified as critical when:

• The load exceeds 75% of the equipment’s rated capacity.

• The item is fragile, high-value, or environmentally sensitive.

• The operation takes place near people, structures, or power lines.

Example: lifting an electrical transformer or a pressurized tank.

Safety tips:

• Prepare a detailed lift plan reviewed by an engineer.

• Conduct technical inspections of all components.

• Maintain supervision throughout the entire process.

Types of Lifting Operations by Equipment

Lifting with Mobile Crane

This uses hydraulic cranes mounted on trucks or platforms. They’re fast, powerful, and ideal for field operations.
Advantages: high capacity and reach.
Disadvantages: require stable ground and certified operators.

Lifting with Overhead Crane

Commonly found in workshops and industrial plants. It allows horizontal and vertical movement of loads within a closed area with precision.

Lifting with Hoists or Chain Blocks

Perfect for confined spaces, precision assembly, or lower-capacity lifts.
Manual or electric hoists allow controlled movement with minimal effort.

Lifting with Pulleys or Rigging Blocks

Used in manual lifting or where force needs to be redirected. Although simple, pulley systems are extremely efficient, reducing the force needed to lift heavy loads.

How to Choose the Right Type of Lift

Choosing the correct type of lifting operation depends on several factors:

1. Load weight and dimensions

2. Terrain conditions and working height

3. Available maneuvering space

4. Availability of certified equipment

5. Experience level of the lifting crew

A poor decision can compromise the entire operation. A professional rigger must evaluate each variable before selecting the appropriate lifting method.

Conclusion: Lifting Is Not Just Strength — It’s Skill

Every type of lifting operation demands knowledge, experience, and strict adherence to safety standards. Behind every safe lift there’s calculation, coordination, and discipline.

Always remember: safety in lifting is never improvised. One mistake can cost a life, but one correct procedure can save many.

At the end of the day, lifting a load isn’t just about power—it’s about professionalism, precision, and commitment to life itself.